This report surveys and summarizes the literature on the use of alternative sanctions in 12 western countries with a particular focus on its effectiveness and e

Annotation This book is devoted completely to intermediate sanctions systems and their individual programs.

This handbook surveys American sentencing and corrections from global and historical views, from theoretical and policy perspectives, and with attention to a nu

"[The report] finds that supervision -– probation and parole -– drives high numbers of people, disproportionately those who are Black and brown, right back