This investigation into causal modelling presents the rationale of causality, i.e. the notion that guides causal reasoning in causal modelling. It is argued tha

Causal models are formal theories stating the relationships between precisely defined variables, and have become an indispensable tool of the social scientist.

What constitutes a causal explanation, and must an explanation be causal? What warrants a causal inference, as opposed to a descriptive regularity? What techniq

David A. Freedman presents a definitive synthesis of his approach to statistical modeling and causal inference in the social sciences.

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