Human rights have traditionally been framed in a vertical perspective with the duties of States confined to their own citizens or residents. Obligations beyond

This book examines ways of holding multinational corporations liable for offshore human rights abuses in the courts of the companies' home States.

This book analyses the accountability of European home States for their failure to secure the human rights of victims from host States against transnational ent

Human rights have traditionally been framed in a vertical perspective with the duties of States confined to their own citizens or residents. Interpretations of

In the process of resolving disputes, it is not uncommon for parties to justify actions otherwise in breach of their obligations by invoking the need to protect