This encyclopedia is the first major reference guide for students new to the field, covering traditional areas while pointing the way to future developments.

This book is a valuable read for a diverse group of researchers and practitioners who analyze assessment data and construct test instruments. It focuses on the

Publisher’s note: In this 2nd edition: The following article has been added: Jiao H, He Q and Veldkamp BP (2021) Editorial: Process Data in Educational and Ps

. Renewal of Life by Transmission. The most notable distinction between living and inanimate things is that the former maintain themselves by renewal. A stone w