An innovative study which explores how the presence of Muslim communities transformed Europe and stimulated Christian society to define itself.

An innovative study which explores how the presence of Muslim communities transformed Europe and stimulated Christian society to define itself.

"In the face of crusades, conversions, and expulsions, Muslims and their communities survived to thrive for over 500 years Medieval Europe. This comprehensive n

This is a revisionary study of Muslims living under Christian rule during the Spanish 'reconquest'. It looks beyond the obvious religious distinctions and delve

An in-depth portrait of the Crusades-era Mediterranean world, and a new understanding of the forces that shaped it In Infidel Kings and Unholy Warriors, the awa