Through crusades and expulsions, Muslim communities survived for over 500 years, thriving in medieval Europe. This comprehensive study explores how the presence

An innovative study which explores how the presence of Muslim communities transformed Europe and stimulated Christian society to define itself.

An innovative study which explores how the presence of Muslim communities transformed Europe and stimulated Christian society to define itself.

An in-depth portrait of the Crusades-era Mediterranean world, and a new understanding of the forces that shaped it In Infidel Kings and Unholy Warriors, the awa

Arabic-Islamic Views of the Latin West provides an insight into how the Arabic-Islamic world perceived medieval Western Europe in an age that is usually associa