Throughout the Jim Crow era, southern police departments played a vital role in the maintenance of white supremacy. Police targeted African Americans through an

"In recent years, there has been renewed attention to problems pervading the criminal justice system in the United States. The prison population has grown expon

Winner of the John Hope Franklin Prize A Moyers & Company Best Book of the Year “A brilliant work that tells us how directly the past has formed us.” —Dar

An explosive, long-forgotten story of police violence that exposes the historical roots of today's criminal justice crisis "A deeply researched and propulsively

Early twentieth-century African American men in northern urban centers like New York faced economic isolation, segregation, a biased criminal justice system, an