The so-called shadow education system of private supplementary tutoring has become a global phenomenon but has different features in different settings. This bo

In all parts of Asia, households devote considerable expenditures to private supplementary tutoring. This tutoring may contribute to students' achievement, but

This book enables Western scholars and educators to recognize the roles and contributions of shadow education/hakwon education in an international context. The

Private supplementary tutoring, widely known as shadow education because of the way that it mimics mainstream schooling, has greatly expanded worldwide. It cons

This volume tackles perceived myths surrounding the academic excellence of East Asian students, and moves beyond Western understanding to offer in-depth analysi