This book presents a comprehensive and unifying theory to promote the under standing of technical systems. Such a theory is useful as a foundation for a ratio n

High reliability, maintainability, and safety are expected from complex equipment and systems. To build these characteristics into an item, failure rate and fai

Why are so few electric cars in our streets today? Why is it difficult to introduce electronic patient records in our hospitals? To answer these questions we ne

Decision makers in large scale interconnected network systems require simulation models for decision support. The behaviour of these systems is determined by ma

Addresses current issues of research into socio-technical systems (STSs). Provides suggestions on how social knowledge can synergize with technical knowledge.