"The increased use of underground space for transportation systems and the increasing complexity and constraints of constructing and maintaining above ground tr

Includes full color illustrations. The increased use of underground space for transportation systems and the increasing complexity and constraints of constructi

"Taken from a collection of papers presented at the prestigious 2010 North American Tunneling Conference"--p. [4] of cover.

Includes full color illustrations. The increased use of underground space for transportation systems and the increasing complexity and constraints of constructi

Due to significant economic growth in the last few decades, increasing traffic loads impose tremendous demand on bridge structures. This, coupled with ongoing d