The purpose of this study is to describe German planning and operations in the first part of the campaign against Russia. The narrative starts with Hitler's ini

Clausewitz observed of Russia that "it was a country which could be subdued only by its own weakness and by the effects of internal dissension. In order to stri

When Hitler ordered the start of Operation Barbarossa, millions of German soldiers flooded into Russia, believing that their rapid blitzkrieg tactics would resu