In the late-19th century, with the advances in technology and the increase in America's economic stature, a new round of fortification building began in the Uni

In the late-19th century, with the advances in technology and the increase in America's economic stature, a new round of fortification building began in the Uni

At the beginning of the 20th century, the military importance of the Hawaiian Islands became clear. Oahu in particular was a key bastion in projecting America's

The only work available on the history of U.S. coastal defenses, including their armament and architecture. It will appeal to fort visitors and naval history bu