Core level spectroscopy has become a powerful tool in the study of electronic states in solids. From fundamental aspects to the most recent developments, Core L

Synchrotron radiation has become a very important tool for investigating condensed matter. Many different techniques have been developed which can provide infor

Photoemission (also known as photoelectron) spectroscopy refers to the process in which an electron is removed from a specimen after the atomic absorption of a

An up-to-date introduction to the field, treating in depth the electronic structures of atoms, molecules, solids and surfaces, together with brief descriptions

Often, a new area of science grows at the confines between recognised subject divisions, drawing upon techniques and intellectual perspectives from a diversity