How, when and why did the Middle Ages begin? This reader gathers together a prestigious collection of revisionist thinking on questions of key research in medie

Roman identity is one of the most interesting cases of social identity because in the course of time, it could mean so many different things: for instance, Gree

Why did Rome fall? Vicious barbarian invasions during the fifth century resulted in the cataclysmic end of the world's most powerful civilization, and a 'dark a

From Augustus to Constantine, the Roman Empire in the Near East expanded step by step, southward to the Red Sea and eastward across the Euphrates to the Tigris.