This volume provides a collection of sixteen articles containing review and new material. In a unified way, they describe the recent development of theories and

Pattern recognition (PR) consists of three important tasks: feature analysis, clustering and classification. Image analysis can also be viewed as a PR task. Fea

Science has made great progress in the twentieth century, with the establishment of proper disciplines in the fields of physics, computer science, molecular bio

This volume provides a collection of sixteen articles containing review and new material. In a unified way, they describe the recent development of theories and